共同富裕目标下困境儿童精准关爱服务现状、问题与对策——以浙江省为例Present Situation, Problems and Countermeasures of Accurate CareService for Children in Distress under the Goal of Common Prosperity—Taking Zhejiang Province as an Example DOI: 10.12677/ASS.2023.128624, PDF, HTML,XML, 被引量 下载:329 浏览:1,441 科研立项经费支持作者: 张洪霞, 赵 砚:浙江工业职业技术学院财经学院,浙江 绍兴 关键词: 困境儿童;精准关爱服务;对策;Children in Distress; Accurate Caring Service; Countermeasures 摘要: 困境儿童问题是共同富裕道路上亟需解决的关键问题之一。文章通过构建“困境儿童”定义来界定困境儿童的类别,并采用实地调查的形式了解困境儿童享受的精准关爱服务现状,分析当前困境儿童精准关爱服务存在的问题,针对上述问题,政府应加快相关专业人才队伍建设,提升人才培养质量;相关部门要转变救助观念,完善困境儿童福利救助制度;出台考评制度,加强相关人员的考核,提升精准关爱服务质量。 Abstract: The problem of children in distress is one of the key problems that need to be solved urgently on the road to common prosperity. This paper defines the categories of children in distress by constructing the definition of “children in distress”, and understands the present situation of accurate caring services for children in distress by means of field investigation, and analyzes the existing problems of accurate caring services for children in distress. In view of the above problems, the government should speed up the construction of relevant professional talents and improve the quality of personnel training. Relevant departments should change the concept of assistance and improve the welfare assistance system for children in distress; introduce an evaluation system, strengthen the evaluation of relevant personnel, and improve the quality of accurate caring services. 文章引用:张洪霞, 赵砚. 共同富裕目标下困境儿童精准关爱服务现状、问题与对策——以浙江省为例[J]. 社会科学前沿, 2023, 12(8): 4568-4573. https://doi.org/10.12677/ASS.2023.128624 1. 引言
中国式现代化是全体人民共同富裕的现代化。在共同富裕道路上,儿童问题是“一老一小”两个重点关注问题之一。让儿童充分实现生存权、受保护权和发展权是实现人的全面发展的必然要求。儿童由于缺乏自我保护意识和求助能力,很容易遭遇一系列伤害事件。困境儿童作为儿童中的弱势群体,其面临的生存和发展危机比普通儿童更甚。为了加强儿童保护工作,国家早在2010年就发布《关于加强孤儿保障工作的意见》,首次以现金的形式补贴孤儿基本生活,该年也被称为“中国的儿童福利元年”。2013年民政部发布《关于开展适度普惠型儿童福利制度建设试点工作的通知》更为全面地拓展了孤残儿童福利范畴,逐步探索建立普惠型儿童福利制度。2019年民政部儿童福利司设立,要求在街道镇设立儿童督导员,在村居设立儿童主任,进一步促进儿童关爱保护制度的有效落实。但是,随着关爱保障对象范围扩大,困境儿童的关爱质量和各主体之间的协同能力仍有很大的进步空间。因此,